Variables and equivalence
A variable represents a number or quantity. Every algebraic transformation must preserve the equivalence of the original expression or equation.
IGCSE Year 10 / Mathematics / Curriculum
Algebra and graphs: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for IGCSE Year 10.
Unit
The essential chapter ideas in a clear sequence before practice.
A variable represents a number or quantity. Every algebraic transformation must preserve the equivalence of the original expression or equation.
Write each transformation on a new line and apply the same valid operation to both sides. This keeps the solution easy to audit.
A final value is not a complete solution until it is substituted into the original relation. Verification catches sign and expansion errors.
Mathematics
Follow the method step by step and check why every step is valid.
Solve 2(x - 2) + 7 = 1x + 14.
Mathematics
Start from the board specification and work topic by topic before full papers.
The structure follows the official textbook layout and is used to organise study.
x = 11
Before calculating, explain the key idea from “Expressions” and which conditions must be checked.
The answer should show not only which rule is used for “Expressions”, but also why it is valid here.
Algebra and graphs
Try independently, use the hint if needed, then open the answer guide.
1. Explain the idea and give one correct foundation example for “Expressions”.
Write the givens, a useful representation or rule, and only then calculate.
A complete answer defines “Expressions”, shows equivalent steps, and includes a final check.
2. Solve an application and show every intermediate step for “Substitution”.
Write the givens, a useful representation or rule, and only then calculate.
A complete answer defines “Substitution”, shows equivalent steps, and includes a final check.
3. Compare a correct and an incorrect approach and justify the difference for “Expanding brackets”.
Write the givens, a useful representation or rule, and only then calculate.
A complete answer defines “Expanding brackets”, shows equivalent steps, and includes a final check.
4. Create a short exam-style question and check your answer for “Factorising simple expressions”.
Write the givens, a useful representation or rule, and only then calculate.
A complete answer defines “Factorising simple expressions”, shows equivalent steps, and includes a final check.
The areas that usually create mistakes or need extra revision.
Where to start: textbook, daily material, PDFs, videos, and worked examples.
Targeted practice before full tests so coverage is clear.
How to measure progress in this chapter and when it enters a cumulative mock.
What to do after finishing the chapter and how it connects to the next unit.
Note: for the official examinable syllabus of each school year, always confirm with the school, tutor, and current Ministry/IEP announcements.