Year 2 / Primary Science / Physics foundations / Water, light and sound
Shadows and vibrations: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for Year 2.
Раздел
Ключевые идеи главы в понятной последовательности перед практикой.
A wave transfers energy and information without net transfer of matter. Distinguish amplitude, wavelength, period, and frequency.
The relation v = fλ connects the medium and the oscillation. At a boundary, source frequency stays fixed while speed and wavelength may change.
Use the normal, angles, and wavefronts. Superposition adds displacements without permanently changing the component waves.
For “block light”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
For “shadow”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
For “sound source”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
Primary Science / Physics foundations
Следуйте методу шаг за шагом и проверяйте обоснование каждого шага.
In a safe test about “block light”, the first condition gives 12 units and the second 9. Which is greater, and what should be kept the same?
The first value is greater by 3 units. A fair test changes only one factor.
Explain “block light” in your own words and use a picture, objects, a table, or a simple measurement to support it.
A complete explanation connects the correct idea, a clear representation, and a sensible check.
Shadows and vibrations
Восемь заданий от базовых навыков до экзаменационного уровня. Сначала решите самостоятельно.
Record 7 safe observations about “block light” without writing a conclusion yet.
An observation is something seen, heard, or measured.
The response needs 7 specific observable or measurable statements, not guesses about cause.
Design a fair test for “shadow”: what changes, what is measured, and which 2 things stay the same?
Change one factor only.
Full response: one changed factor, one measurable outcome, and 2 controlled conditions.
Measurements are 6, 4, and 10 units. Put them in a table, find the greatest, and the difference from the least.
Use condition and measurement headings.
Greatest 10, least 4, difference 6 units.
Sort examples of “block light” into two groups and state the sorting rule.
Each item should clearly match one group.
A full response gives two named groups, at least two examples in each, and an observable sorting rule.
Choose a suitable tool and unit to measure something connected with “shadow”.
Decide whether you measure length, time, mass, temperature, or volume.
The quantity, instrument, and unit must match, e.g. time-stopwatch-s or length-ruler-cm.
From data 8, 13, 18, predict the next value and explain the pattern.
Look for the constant change +5.
23; +5.
Write 2 safety rules for a simple activity about “block light” and explain the risk each reduces.
Link each rule to a reason.
A full response gives 2 specific rules, each linked to a risk, and requires supervision where appropriate.
Data A=7 and B=11. Write a conclusion, evidence, and one limitation about “shadow”.
Do not claim more than the two values show.
B is 4 greater than A. The values support this, but two measurements alone do not prove a general rule.
Shadows and vibrations
Шесть разных заданий от базового уровня до сложного с временем, подсказками и ответами.
Homework 1: Record 3 safe observations about “block light” without writing a conclusion yet.
An observation is something seen, heard, or measured.
The response needs 3 specific observable or measurable statements, not guesses about cause.
Homework 2: Design a fair test for “shadow”: what changes, what is measured, and which 3 things stay the same?
Change one factor only.
Full response: one changed factor, one measurable outcome, and 3 controlled conditions.
Homework 3: Measurements are 9, 5, and 14 units. Put them in a table, find the greatest, and the difference from the least.
Use condition and measurement headings.
Greatest 14, least 5, difference 9 units.
Homework 4: Sort examples of “block light” into two groups and state the sorting rule.
Each item should clearly match one group.
A full response gives two named groups, at least two examples in each, and an observable sorting rule.
Homework 5: Choose a suitable tool and unit to measure something connected with “shadow”.
Decide whether you measure length, time, mass, temperature, or volume.
The quantity, instrument, and unit must match, e.g. time-stopwatch-s or length-ruler-cm.
Homework 6: From data 4, 10, 16, predict the next value and explain the pattern.
Look for the constant change +6.
22; +6.
35 минут / 30 баллов
Полный тест с таймером, баллами и образцами ответов.
Start the timer when ready, work without notes, show every step, and open model answers only after finishing.
1. Record 8 safe observations about “block light” without writing a conclusion yet.
2 балловThe response needs 8 specific observable or measurable statements, not guesses about cause.
2. Design a fair test for “shadow”: what changes, what is measured, and which 3 things stay the same?
3 балловFull response: one changed factor, one measurable outcome, and 3 controlled conditions.
3. Measurements are 7, 5, and 12 units. Put them in a table, find the greatest, and the difference from the least.
3 балловGreatest 12, least 5, difference 7 units.
4. Sort examples of “block light” into two groups and state the sorting rule.
4 балловA full response gives two named groups, at least two examples in each, and an observable sorting rule.
5. Choose a suitable tool and unit to measure something connected with “shadow”.
4 балловThe quantity, instrument, and unit must match, e.g. time-stopwatch-s or length-ruler-cm.
6. From data 9, 15, 21, predict the next value and explain the pattern.
4 баллов27; +6.
7. Write 3 safety rules for a simple activity about “block light” and explain the risk each reduces.
5 балловA full response gives 3 specific rules, each linked to a risk, and requires supervision where appropriate.
8. Data A=8 and B=13. Write a conclusion, evidence, and one limitation about “shadow”.
5 балловB is 5 greater than A. The values support this, but two measurements alone do not prove a general rule.
Раздел
Источники программы; порядок тем уточняйте в школе и у преподавателя.
Primary Science / Physics foundations
Year 2: структурированный маршрут по математике и физике с главами, практикой и следующими шагами.
Структура следует учебнику и помогает организовать изучение темы.
Темы, где чаще возникают ошибки или нужна дополнительная практика.
С чего начать: учебник, daily material, PDFs, videos и worked examples.
Целевая практика перед full tests, чтобы coverage было понятным.
Как измерять прогресс по главе и когда включать ее в общий mock.
Что делать после главы и как она связана со следующим разделом.
Примечание: официальную экзаменационную программу каждого года всегда уточняйте в школе, у преподавателя и по текущим официальным источникам.
