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  1. Главная
  2. ›STUDY GUIDE
  3. ›UK, Cambridge, A Level и IB
  4. ›KS3 Year 9
  5. ›Physics
  6. ›Forces and motion

KS3 Year 9 / Physics / Curriculum

Forces and motion

Forces and motion: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for KS3 Year 9.

Цели обучения

  • ✓Describe “Speed and acceleration” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Distance-time graphs” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Velocity-time graphs” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Resultant force” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Newton's first law in simple contexts” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.

Ключевые идеи и проверки

  • I explain a thermal phenomenon with a particle model.
  • I distinguish temperature from transferred energy.
  • Every solution or explanation for “Forces and motion” should include a method, justification, and final check.

Раздел

Основная теория

Ключевые идеи главы в понятной последовательности перед практикой.

01

Microscopic and macroscopic models

Connect particle motion and interaction with pressure, temperature, and changes of state. The model should explain the observation.

02

Temperature and energy

Temperature is not the same as total thermal energy. Mass, material, and temperature change affect transferred energy.

03

Direction of transfer

Thermal energy transfers because of a temperature difference. Identify conduction, convection, or radiation and justify the dominant mechanism.

04

Speed and acceleration

For “Speed and acceleration”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

05

Distance-time graphs

For “Distance-time graphs”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

06

Velocity-time graphs

For “Velocity-time graphs”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

07

Resultant force

For “Resultant force”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

08

Newton's first law in simple contexts

For “Newton's first law in simple contexts”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

Physics

Разобранные примеры

Следуйте методу шаг за шагом и проверяйте обоснование каждого шага.

Worked thermal example

How much energy raises 0.3 kg of water by 15 °C? c = 4200 J/(kg·°C).

  1. 1Use Q = mcΔT.
  2. 2Substitute Q = 0.3 · 4200 · 15.
  3. 3Check that mass is in kg and use temperature change, not final temperature.

Q = 18900 J

Reasoning example

Before calculating, explain the key idea from “Speed and acceleration” and which conditions must be checked.

  1. 1Define the idea in one clear sentence.
  2. 2Connect it to a representation, law, or formula.
  3. 3State a restriction, unit, or final check that makes the solution valid.

The answer should show not only which rule is used for “Speed and acceleration”, but also why it is valid here.

Forces and motion

Практика с ответами

Восемь заданий от базовых навыков до экзаменационного уровня. Сначала решите самостоятельно.

Базовый навык4 минут

0.4 kg of water warms by 10 °C; c=4200 J/(kg·°C). Find Q.

Подсказка

Q=mcΔT.

Ответ

Q=16800 J.

Базовый навык5 минут

Structure a solution for “Distance-time graphs”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

Подсказка

State the law before substituting numbers.

Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Distance-time graphs”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

Применение6 минут

Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Velocity-time graphs” and improve each one.

Подсказка

Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.

Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

Применение7 минут

Plan a suitable graph for “Resultant force” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

Подсказка

Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.

Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

Обоснование8 минут

Check whether a result for “Newton's first law in simple contexts” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

Подсказка

A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.

Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

Обоснование9 минут

Connect “Pressure” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.

Подсказка

Define the system and interactions.

Ответ

A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.

Экзаменационный10 минут

Write a multi-step exam response about “Moments introduction” with calculation and evaluation.

Подсказка

Separate givens, model, calculation, result, and evaluation.

Ответ

A full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.

Экзаменационный12 минут

Compare two methods for investigating “Work done by a force” and select the more reliable using criteria.

Подсказка

Use accuracy, repeatability, control, and safety.

Ответ

The choice must use at least three comparable criteria and acknowledge one trade-off or limitation.

Частые ошибки

  • Confusing heat transfer with temperature.
  • Using an incorrect unit or specific heat capacity.
  • Describing a phenomenon without a particle mechanism.

Проверка понимания

  • ✓I explain a thermal phenomenon with a particle model.
  • ✓I distinguish temperature from transferred energy.
  • ✓I apply a formula with correct units and sign.

Forces and motion

Домашняя работа по главе

Шесть разных заданий от базового уровня до сложного с временем, подсказками и ответами.

Базовый8 минут

Homework 1: 0.7 kg of water warms by 15 °C; c=4200 J/(kg·°C). Find Q.

Подсказка

Q=mcΔT.

Ответ

Q=44100 J.

Базовый10 минут

Homework 2: Structure a solution for “Distance-time graphs”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

Подсказка

State the law before substituting numbers.

Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Distance-time graphs”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

Углубленный12 минут

Homework 3: Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Velocity-time graphs” and improve each one.

Подсказка

Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.

Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

Углубленный15 минут

Homework 4: Plan a suitable graph for “Resultant force” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

Подсказка

Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.

Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

Сложный18 минут

Homework 5: Check whether a result for “Newton's first law in simple contexts” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

Подсказка

A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.

Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

Сложный20 минут

Homework 6: Connect “Pressure” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.

Подсказка

Define the system and interactions.

Ответ

A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.

50 минут / 40 баллов

Полный тест по главе

Полный тест с таймером, баллами и образцами ответов.

Таймер теста

Готов к запуску

Осталось времени: 50:00

Start the timer when ready, work without notes, show every step, and open model answers only after finishing.

1. 0.5 kg of water warms by 15 °C; c=4200 J/(kg·°C). Find Q.

2 баллов
Ответ

Q=31500 J.

2. Structure a solution for “Distance-time graphs”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

3 баллов
Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Distance-time graphs”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

3. Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Velocity-time graphs” and improve each one.

3 баллов
Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

4. Plan a suitable graph for “Resultant force” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

5. Check whether a result for “Newton's first law in simple contexts” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

6. Connect “Pressure” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.

7. Write a multi-step exam response about “Moments introduction” with calculation and evaluation.

5 баллов
Ответ

A full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.

8. Compare two methods for investigating “Work done by a force” and select the more reliable using criteria.

5 баллов
Ответ

The choice must use at least three comparable criteria and acknowledge one trade-off or limitation.

9. Create an extension question about “Speed and acceleration”, a prediction, and a data-collection plan.

5 баллов
Ответ

A full response gives a testable question, justified prediction, independent-variable range, repeats, and an analysis method.

10. 0.4 kg of water warms by 30 °C; c=4200 J/(kg·°C). Find Q.

5 баллов
Ответ

Q=50400 J.

Раздел

Официальные источники

Источники программы; порядок тем уточняйте в школе и у преподавателя.

UK Department for Education - ScienceOfficial national curriculum progression and attainment guidance.

Physics

KS3 Year 9: структурированный маршрут по математике и физике с главами, практикой и следующими шагами.

Назад к предмету

Что покрывает глава

Структура следует учебнику и помогает организовать изучение темы.

Speed and acceleration
Distance-time graphs
Velocity-time graphs
Resultant force
Newton's first law in simple contexts
Pressure
Moments introduction
Work done by a force

Где сфокусироваться

Темы, где чаще возникают ошибки или нужна дополнительная практика.

I explain a thermal phenomenon with a particle model.
I distinguish temperature from transferred energy.
I apply a formula with correct units and sign.

Источники, ежедневные материалы и ресурсы

С чего начать: учебник, daily material, PDFs, videos и worked examples.

Start from the official textbook or specification referenced on the subject page.
Use the notes and examples as support, not as a replacement for the official syllabus.
Check the current syllabus version before exam preparation.

Практика по подтемам

Целевая практика перед full tests, чтобы coverage было понятным.

0.4 kg of water warms by 10 °C; c=4200 J/(kg·°C). Find Q.
Structure a solution for “Distance-time graphs”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.
Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Velocity-time graphs” and improve each one.
Plan a suitable graph for “Resultant force” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.
Check whether a result for “Newton's first law in simple contexts” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.
Connect “Pressure” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.
Write a multi-step exam response about “Moments introduction” with calculation and evaluation.
Compare two methods for investigating “Work done by a force” and select the more reliable using criteria.

Mocks и проверка прогресса

Как измерять прогресс по главе и когда включать ее в общий mock.

Start with untimed practice by subtopic.
Move to a short timed checkpoint only after completing the mastery checklist.
Record each error with the correct method and revisit it after 48 hours.

Следующий шаг

Что делать после главы и как она связана со следующим разделом.

Complete the practice without support.
Explain the core method aloud in under two minutes.
Continue to the next chapter or request targeted tutor support.

Примечание: официальную экзаменационную программу каждого года всегда уточняйте в школе, у преподавателя и по текущим официальным источникам.

Глава 2 из 5

← Предыдущая главаEnergyСледующая глава →Electricity and magnetism
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