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  1. Главная
  2. ›STUDY GUIDE
  3. ›UK, Cambridge, A Level и IB
  4. ›IB Diploma DP1
  5. ›Physics
  6. ›Experimental programme

IB Diploma DP1 / Physics / Curriculum

Experimental programme

Experimental programme: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for IB Diploma DP1.

Цели обучения

  • ✓Describe “Uncertainties” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Graphing” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Data processing” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Experimental design” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.
  • ✓Describe “Collaborative sciences project preparation” using evidence from observation, measurement, or a model.

Ключевые идеи и проверки

  • I design a safe experiment with controlled variables.
  • I record units, repeats, and uncertainty.
  • Every solution or explanation for “Experimental programme” should include a method, justification, and final check.

Раздел

Основная теория

Ключевые идеи главы в понятной последовательности перед практикой.

01

Quantity, unit, instrument

Every measurement identifies a physical quantity, numerical value, unit, and suitable instrument. A value without a unit is incomplete physical information.

02

Variables and a fair test

Change one independent variable, measure the dependent variable, and control the rest. Repeats improve reliability.

03

Graph and uncertainty

A graph reveals trends and allows slope or intercept analysis. Uncertainty and anomalous points should be discussed, not hidden.

04

Uncertainties

For “Uncertainties”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

05

Graphing

For “Graphing”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

06

Data processing

For “Data processing”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

07

Experimental design

For “Experimental design”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

08

Collaborative sciences project preparation

For “Collaborative sciences project preparation”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.

Physics

Разобранные примеры

Следуйте методу шаг за шагом и проверяйте обоснование каждого шага.

Worked measurement example

Length readings are 10.30, 10.50, 10.40 cm. Find the mean and report suitable precision.

  1. 1Add the repeated readings.
  2. 2Divide by the number of readings.
  3. 3Round to the instrument precision and comment on the spread.

Mean ≈ 10.40 cm.

Reasoning example

Before calculating, explain the key idea from “Uncertainties” and which conditions must be checked.

  1. 1Define the idea in one clear sentence.
  2. 2Connect it to a representation, law, or formula.
  3. 3State a restriction, unit, or final check that makes the solution valid.

The answer should show not only which rule is used for “Uncertainties”, but also why it is valid here.

Experimental programme

Практика с ответами

Восемь заданий от базовых навыков до экзаменационного уровня. Сначала решите самостоятельно.

Базовый навык4 минут

Readings: 4.0, 4.2, 3.9 cm. Find the mean and half-range uncertainty.

Подсказка

Mean = sum/3; uncertainty = (max-min)/2.

Ответ

4.033333333333333 cm ≈ 4.03 cm; ±0.15 cm.

Базовый навык5 минут

Design a valid investigation for “Graphing” with independent, dependent, and 6 controlled variables.

Подсказка

Include range, repeats, and safety.

Ответ

Full method: clear variables, at least five values, repeats/mean, suitable instruments, 6 controls, and specific safety.

Применение6 минут

Structure a solution for “Data processing”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

Подсказка

State the law before substituting numbers.

Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Data processing”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

Применение7 минут

Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Experimental design” and improve each one.

Подсказка

Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.

Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

Обоснование8 минут

Plan a suitable graph for “Collaborative sciences project preparation” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

Подсказка

Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.

Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

Обоснование9 минут

Check whether a result for “IA topic exploration” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

Подсказка

A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.

Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

Экзаменационный10 минут

Connect “Uncertainties” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.

Подсказка

Define the system and interactions.

Ответ

A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.

Экзаменационный12 минут

Write a multi-step exam response about “Graphing” with calculation and evaluation.

Подсказка

Separate givens, model, calculation, result, and evaluation.

Ответ

A full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.

Частые ошибки

  • Changing more than one variable at once.
  • Claiming precision without relating it to the instrument.
  • Using incorrect axes, units, or best-fit line.

Проверка понимания

  • ✓I design a safe experiment with controlled variables.
  • ✓I record units, repeats, and uncertainty.
  • ✓I analyse a graph and evaluate the model.

Experimental programme

Домашняя работа по главе

Шесть разных заданий от базового уровня до сложного с временем, подсказками и ответами.

Базовый8 минут

Homework 1: Readings: 7.0, 7.2, 6.9 cm. Find the mean and half-range uncertainty.

Подсказка

Mean = sum/3; uncertainty = (max-min)/2.

Ответ

7.033333333333333 cm ≈ 7.03 cm; ±0.15 cm.

Базовый10 минут

Homework 2: Design a valid investigation for “Graphing” with independent, dependent, and 2 controlled variables.

Подсказка

Include range, repeats, and safety.

Ответ

Full method: clear variables, at least five values, repeats/mean, suitable instruments, 2 controls, and specific safety.

Углубленный12 минут

Homework 3: Structure a solution for “Data processing”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

Подсказка

State the law before substituting numbers.

Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Data processing”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

Углубленный15 минут

Homework 4: Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Experimental design” and improve each one.

Подсказка

Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.

Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

Сложный18 минут

Homework 5: Plan a suitable graph for “Collaborative sciences project preparation” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

Подсказка

Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.

Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

Сложный20 минут

Homework 6: Check whether a result for “IA topic exploration” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

Подсказка

A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.

Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

50 минут / 40 баллов

Полный тест по главе

Полный тест с таймером, баллами и образцами ответов.

Таймер теста

Готов к запуску

Осталось времени: 50:00

Start the timer when ready, work without notes, show every step, and open model answers only after finishing.

1. Readings: 5.0, 5.2, 4.9 cm. Find the mean and half-range uncertainty.

2 баллов
Ответ

5.033333333333333 cm ≈ 5.03 cm; ±0.15 cm.

2. Design a valid investigation for “Graphing” with independent, dependent, and 2 controlled variables.

3 баллов
Ответ

Full method: clear variables, at least five values, repeats/mean, suitable instruments, 2 controls, and specific safety.

3. Structure a solution for “Data processing”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.

3 баллов
Ответ

A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Data processing”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.

4. Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Experimental design” and improve each one.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.

5. Plan a suitable graph for “Collaborative sciences project preparation” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.

6. Check whether a result for “IA topic exploration” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.

4 баллов
Ответ

A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.

7. Connect “Uncertainties” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.

5 баллов
Ответ

A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.

8. Write a multi-step exam response about “Graphing” with calculation and evaluation.

5 баллов
Ответ

A full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.

9. Compare two methods for investigating “Data processing” and select the more reliable using criteria.

5 баллов
Ответ

The choice must use at least three comparable criteria and acknowledge one trade-off or limitation.

10. Create an extension question about “Experimental design”, a prediction, and a data-collection plan.

5 баллов
Ответ

A full response gives a testable question, justified prediction, independent-variable range, repeats, and an analysis method.

Раздел

Официальные источники

Источники программы; порядок тем уточняйте в школе и у преподавателя.

UK Department for Education - ScienceOfficial national curriculum progression and attainment guidance.International Baccalaureate - DP curriculumOfficial DP subject structure and current subject briefs.

Physics

IB Diploma DP1: структурированный маршрут по математике и физике с главами, практикой и следующими шагами.

Назад к предмету

Что покрывает глава

Структура следует учебнику и помогает организовать изучение темы.

Uncertainties
Graphing
Data processing
Experimental design
Collaborative sciences project preparation
IA topic exploration

Где сфокусироваться

Темы, где чаще возникают ошибки или нужна дополнительная практика.

I design a safe experiment with controlled variables.
I record units, repeats, and uncertainty.
I analyse a graph and evaluate the model.

Источники, ежедневные материалы и ресурсы

С чего начать: учебник, daily material, PDFs, videos и worked examples.

Start from the official textbook or specification referenced on the subject page.
Use the notes and examples as support, not as a replacement for the official syllabus.
Check the current syllabus version before exam preparation.

Практика по подтемам

Целевая практика перед full tests, чтобы coverage было понятным.

Readings: 4.0, 4.2, 3.9 cm. Find the mean and half-range uncertainty.
Design a valid investigation for “Graphing” with independent, dependent, and 6 controlled variables.
Structure a solution for “Data processing”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.
Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Experimental design” and improve each one.
Plan a suitable graph for “Collaborative sciences project preparation” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.
Check whether a result for “IA topic exploration” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.
Connect “Uncertainties” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.
Write a multi-step exam response about “Graphing” with calculation and evaluation.

Mocks и проверка прогресса

Как измерять прогресс по главе и когда включать ее в общий mock.

Start with untimed practice by subtopic.
Move to a short timed checkpoint only after completing the mastery checklist.
Record each error with the correct method and revisit it after 48 hours.

Следующий шаг

Что делать после главы и как она связана со следующим разделом.

Complete the practice without support.
Explain the core method aloud in under two minutes.
Continue to the next chapter or request targeted tutor support.

Примечание: официальную экзаменационную программу каждого года всегда уточняйте в школе, у преподавателя и по текущим официальным источникам.

Глава 4 из 4

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