Panhellenic Exams / Physics / Curriculum
Κύματα: structured theory, worked examples, answered practice, and a mastery checklist for Panhellenic Exams.
Раздел
Ключевые идеи главы в понятной последовательности перед практикой.
A wave transfers energy and information without net transfer of matter. Distinguish amplitude, wavelength, period, and frequency.
The relation v = fλ connects the medium and the oscillation. At a boundary, source frequency stays fixed while speed and wavelength may change.
Use the normal, angles, and wavefronts. Superposition adds displacements without permanently changing the component waves.
For “Αρμονικά κύματα”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
For “Συμβολή”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
For “Στάσιμα κύματα”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
For “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης”, start from an observation or model, define quantities and units where relevant, and separate the changed factor from the measured outcome. Support the conclusion with data and state the test's limitations.
Physics
Следуйте методу шаг за шагом и проверяйте обоснование каждого шага.
A wave has frequency 4 Hz and wavelength 3.5 m. Find its speed.
v = 14 m/s
Before calculating, explain the key idea from “Αρμονικά κύματα” and which conditions must be checked.
The answer should show not only which rule is used for “Αρμονικά κύματα”, but also why it is valid here.
Κύματα
Восемь заданий от базовых навыков до экзаменационного уровня. Сначала решите самостоятельно.
A wave has f=6 Hz and λ=3 m. Find speed.
v=fλ.
v=18 m/s.
Structure a solution for “Συμβολή”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.
State the law before substituting numbers.
A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Συμβολή”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.
Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Στάσιμα κύματα” and improve each one.
Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.
A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.
Plan a suitable graph for “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.
Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.
A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.
Check whether a result for “Αρμονικά κύματα” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.
A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.
A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.
Connect “Συμβολή” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.
Define the system and interactions.
A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.
Write a multi-step exam response about “Στάσιμα κύματα” with calculation and evaluation.
Separate givens, model, calculation, result, and evaluation.
A full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.
Compare two methods for investigating “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης” and select the more reliable using criteria.
Use accuracy, repeatability, control, and safety.
The choice must use at least three comparable criteria and acknowledge one trade-off or limitation.
Κύματα
Шесть разных заданий от базового уровня до сложного с временем, подсказками и ответами.
Homework 1: A wave has f=9 Hz and λ=1 m. Find speed.
v=fλ.
v=9 m/s.
Homework 2: Structure a solution for “Συμβολή”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.
State the law before substituting numbers.
A full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Συμβολή”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.
Homework 3: Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Στάσιμα κύματα” and improve each one.
Consider instrument resolution, reaction time, repeats, and controls.
A full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.
Homework 4: Plan a suitable graph for “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.
Put the independent variable on x and dependent variable on y.
A full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.
Homework 5: Check whether a result for “Αρμονικά κύματα” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.
A check should not merely repeat the same calculation.
A full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.
Homework 6: Connect “Συμβολή” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.
Define the system and interactions.
A full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.
50 минут / 40 баллов
Полный тест с таймером, баллами и образцами ответов.
Start the timer when ready, work without notes, show every step, and open model answers only after finishing.
1. A wave has f=7 Hz and λ=1 m. Find speed.
2 балловv=7 m/s.
2. Structure a solution for “Συμβολή”: givens, SI units, law, substitution, and interpretation.
3 балловA full solution states symbols/units, selects a valid law for “Συμβολή”, shows substitution and calculation, and interprets the result.
3. Identify three uncertainty sources in measuring “Στάσιμα κύματα” and improve each one.
3 балловA full response links each specific error source to a targeted improvement and identifies random or systematic impact.
4. Plan a suitable graph for “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης” data and explain how to obtain a gradient or relationship.
4 балловA full response labels axes/units, uses a suitable scale and best fit; gradient uses a large triangle and is interpreted with units.
5. Check whether a result for “Αρμονικά κύματα” is sensible using units, order of magnitude, and a limiting case.
4 балловA full check confirms dimensions/units, compares expected magnitude, and tests behaviour when one variable becomes very small or large.
6. Connect “Συμβολή” to energy conservation or a force/field model and justify the choice.
4 балловA full response defines the system, describes transfer or interaction, applies the appropriate model, and states losses or limitations.
7. Write a multi-step exam response about “Στάσιμα κύματα” with calculation and evaluation.
5 балловA full response includes an appropriate diagram/model, laws, algebraic rearrangement, SI substitution, suitably precise result, and evaluation of assumptions.
8. Compare two methods for investigating “Κυματικά φαινόμενα της εξεταστέας ύλης” and select the more reliable using criteria.
5 балловThe choice must use at least three comparable criteria and acknowledge one trade-off or limitation.
9. Create an extension question about “Αρμονικά κύματα”, a prediction, and a data-collection plan.
5 балловA full response gives a testable question, justified prediction, independent-variable range, repeats, and an analysis method.
10. A wave has f=6 Hz and λ=2.5 m. Find speed.
5 балловv=15 m/s.
Раздел
Источники программы; порядок тем уточняйте в школе и у преподавателя.
Physics
Panhellenic Exams: структурированный маршрут по математике и физике с главами, практикой и следующими шагами.
Структура следует учебнику и помогает организовать изучение темы.
Темы, где чаще возникают ошибки или нужна дополнительная практика.
С чего начать: учебник, daily material, PDFs, videos и worked examples.
Целевая практика перед full tests, чтобы coverage было понятным.
Как измерять прогресс по главе и когда включать ее в общий mock.
Что делать после главы и как она связана со следующим разделом.
Примечание: официальную экзаменационную программу каждого года всегда уточняйте в школе, у преподавателя и по текущим официальным источникам.
